In “Islam and Artificial Intelligence: Perspectives from Traditionalist and Modernist Muslim Communities in Indonesia” (Miqot Jurnal Ilmu-ilmu Keislaman 49, no. 1 (2025)), Muhammad Anang Firdaus (Institut Agama Islam Negeri, Indonesia) and others explore “how traditionalist and modernist Muslim communities in Indonesia respond to the ethical, religious, and social implications of Artificial Intelligence (AI)…using a qualitative analysis of fatwas, religious texts, and scholarly discourse.”
In “Data Endowment as a Digital Waqf: An Islamic Ethical Framework for AI Development” (Philosophy & Technology 38, no. 2 (2025)), Abdulqadir J. Nashwan (Hamad Medical Corporation) argues that the “concept of data endowment—viewing data generated by individuals as a valuable resource—can be ethically aligned with the Islamic tradition of waqf (endowment), offering a culturally grounded model for responsible AI development.”
