By Hassan S. Khalilieh As early as the first half of the seventh-century, Caliph ʿUmar ibn al-Khaṭṭāb (r. 13-23/634-644) established the office of the “governorship of the coasts.” Initially focused … Continue reading Beyond the Ribāṭ: Exploring Coastal and Offshore Jurisdiction
Beyond the Ribāṭ: Exploring Coastal and Offshore Jurisdiction
