The road to the 1858 Ottoman Land Code: Theory and practice

By Fatma Gül Karagöz This is the fourth essay in a series of essays entitled "When usufruct became a credit source: The contract of the transfer with resumption (ferağ bi’l-vefa)." … Continue reading The road to the 1858 Ottoman Land Code: Theory and practice

The practice of tefviz bi’l-vefa (transfer with resumption) on miri (state-owned) land in 17th-century Istanbul courts

By Fatma Gül Karagöz This is the third essay in a series of essays entitled "When usufruct became a credit source: The contract of the transfer with resumption (ferağ bi’l-vefa)." … Continue reading The practice of tefviz bi’l-vefa (transfer with resumption) on miri (state-owned) land in 17th-century Istanbul courts

Ferağ bi’l-vefa (transfer with resumption) and mortgage of miri (state-owned) land in seventeenth-century fatwās

By Fatma Gül Karagöz This is the second essay in a series of essays entitled "When usufruct became a credit source: The contract of the transfer with resumption (ferağ bi’l-vefa)." … Continue reading Ferağ bi’l-vefa (transfer with resumption) and mortgage of miri (state-owned) land in seventeenth-century fatwās

Introduction: How to interpret the contract of the transfer with resumption (ferağ bi’l-vefa)?

By Fatma Gül Karagöz* This is the first essay in a series of essays entitled "When usufruct became a credit source: The contract of the transfer with resumption (ferağ bi’l-vefa)." … Continue reading Introduction: How to interpret the contract of the transfer with resumption (ferağ bi’l-vefa)?

Two Tenth-Century C.E. Islamic Treatises on Admiralty and Maritime Laws from the Mediterranean Sea and Western Indian Ocean

By Hassan S. Khalilieh Nautical issues are treated by Islamic law from two distinct perspectives governed by two different systems. The first is public international law, which covers themes related … Continue reading Two Tenth-Century C.E. Islamic Treatises on Admiralty and Maritime Laws from the Mediterranean Sea and Western Indian Ocean

The Prophet Muḥammad’s Concept of the Freedom of Navigation: The Safe-Conduct of Aylah as a Testament

By Hassan S. Khalilieh In my exploration of the historical foundations of the freedom of navigation in early Islam, I unearthed documentary evidence from the Prophet’s era that surprisingly supports … Continue reading The Prophet Muḥammad’s Concept of the Freedom of Navigation: The Safe-Conduct of Aylah as a Testament

Beyond the Ribāṭ: Exploring Coastal and Offshore Jurisdiction

By Hassan S. Khalilieh As early as the first half of the seventh-century, Caliph ʿUmar ibn al-Khaṭṭāb (r. 13-23/634-644) established the office of the “governorship of the coasts.” Initially focused … Continue reading Beyond the Ribāṭ: Exploring Coastal and Offshore Jurisdiction