By Meagan Froemming Many identify the absence of clear regulatory standards as the most significant challenge to the Islamic finance industry’s continued growth.[1] Yet, is the development of a uniform … Continue reading Islamic Finance in a New Key, or Is Regulation the Answer?
Pakistan’s Anti-Rape Laws Bill: Panacea or Posturing?
By Nimra Azmi In March 2015, the Pakistani Senate unanimously passed the Anti-Rape Laws Bill of 2014. (While the Anti-Rape Laws Bill has passed in the upper house, it is … Continue reading Pakistan’s Anti-Rape Laws Bill: Panacea or Posturing?
Wilāyat al-Faqīh and Collecting the Fifth: A Theory of Khums
By Mohammad Sagha The issue this paper seeks to address is how Ayatollāh Sayyīd Rūhullāh Khumaynī (d. 1386 sh./1989) conceptualized the collection of khums under the theory of the “Guardianship … Continue reading Wilāyat al-Faqīh and Collecting the Fifth: A Theory of Khums
Authority and Khums in the Absence of the Imām: Reflections of Two Safavid-era Jurists
By Mohammad Sagha This post examines how two Ṣafavid-era jurists, Ḥussayn b. ʽAbd al-Ṣamad al-ʽĀmilī (d. 985/1577-8),[1] and Muḥammad Bāqir Majlisī (d. 1111/1698) conceptualized the authority to collect and spend … Continue reading Authority and Khums in the Absence of the Imām: Reflections of Two Safavid-era Jurists
Judicial Authority and Roots of Twelver Shīʽī Tax Theory
By Mohammad Sagha The main question this study addresses is: how can the delegation of authority within the Shīʽī* community after the Minor Occultation of the Twelfth Imām in 260/874 … Continue reading Judicial Authority and Roots of Twelver Shīʽī Tax Theory
Historical Roots of Twelver Shīʽī Legal Tax Theory
By Mohammad Sagha This post provides a basic historical background, evolution, and categorization of Shīʽī[1] attitudes on religious financial obligations (known as zakāt and khums) as conceived of by Shīʽī … Continue reading Historical Roots of Twelver Shīʽī Legal Tax Theory
A Patchwork Pakistani: Gang Rape, Jurisdiction, and the Mukhtar Mai Case
By Nimra Azmi In 1999, Pakistan passed an amendment to the 1997 Anti-Terrorism Act.[1] This Amendment listed gang rape, child molestation, and robbery coupled with rape as terrorist acts under … Continue reading A Patchwork Pakistani: Gang Rape, Jurisdiction, and the Mukhtar Mai Case
The Protection of Women Act vs. the Hudood Ordinance: A Federal Shariat Court Challenge
By Nimra Azmi Pakistan’s 2006 Protection of Women Act (PWA) should have been a victory for progressive Pakistani forces, a definitive end to the 1979 Hudood Ordinances’ draconian reign over … Continue reading The Protection of Women Act vs. the Hudood Ordinance: A Federal Shariat Court Challenge
Rape & the Hudood Ordinance: A Lost Opportunity
By Nimra Azmi From 1979 until 2006, the Zina Ordinance, a subsection of the Hudood Ordinances, governed rape under Pakistani law.[1] The Hudood Ordinances were implemented during the rule of … Continue reading Rape & the Hudood Ordinance: A Lost Opportunity